Archive | 2025

A Breakthrough in my German DNA

Modern day Germans do not seem to do DNA testing. I have one German grandparent born in Munich, with several generations of Bavarian ancestors, whose line I never get any matches to. Since this is my mother’s mother’s line with the paternal lines proven, the lack of matches is not due to an NPE (non parental event). For example, I have one German half 2nd cousin on my maternal grandmother’s father’s side who tested at my request (click here for that post).

Ancestry has a nice new feature where you can filter your matches by Journeys (where your ancestors came from); see image to the left. I was disappointed not to have any German journeys, but my brother has something called Franconia. When I used that filter I found a good match at the top of his list. Richard, from Pennsylvania (think Pennsylvania Dutch aka Deutsch), with an Italian surname, shares 72cM with my brother, 62 cM with me, and 25 cM with our first cousin Margaret. Richard’s tree had no ancestors listed, but his closest shared match to us, a great nephew, did have a small tree. One thing I like to do with my Pro Tools is to change the way matches are sorted to be by the best ones for the match I am looking at, rather than the usual sort of those closest to me (see image below). Their close matches often have better trees or have notes I wrote to myself when I figured them out long ago.

That nephew has all but one person showing as private in his tree. Luckily the one person whose name shows has the same surname as Richard. Next I clicked over to her profile page and used the Ancestry search function to find a more complete tree for her, which included her parents. Her mother Frances had a surname, LANG, that I knew was in my tree. She was even born in the same town, Eslarn, Bavaria, as my great grandmother Margaretha Wittman! Another search at ancestry found Francis’ Eslarn grandparents’ names in yet another tree, whose owner was also a distant DNA match.

There is a useful German website – https://www.ortsfamilienbuecher.de/ – which has genealogy information from many German town lineage books, including the one for Eslarn. You can list everyone with a specific surname in your town to search for an individual. Be sure to check alternate spellings. Armed with the names of Frances Lang’s grandparents, I went to that source and traced her mother back to my great grandmother’s grandparents. This was not easy because the same names were used over and over again. Frances’ mother had the same name as my great grandmother. Also their fathers, who were uncle and nephew, had the same name, Joseph Widmann/Wittman. Complicated to figure this out, but birth years helped.

Continue reading

Finding the Fallen with DNA

Guest post by Wesley Johnston

On Memorial Day Weekend, GEDmatch announced a hugely important “Fallen Warriors-The Unknowns” initiative (click here for the details ).

Image by Jed Henry, from the documentary “Honoring a Commitment – The PFC Lawrence S. Gordon Story”, video on youtube and embedded below.

Family members of soldiers still missing in action from World War II and Korea can upload their autosomal DNA (aDNA) results to GEDmatch no matter what company did their test. And they can obtain the very important Individual Deceased Personnel File for their soldier. Plus everyone can upload their aDNA to increase the probability of matching with the DNA of an Unknown soldier.

GEDmatch’s initiative will bring the DNA of family members of those still missing into a database with which the DNA of any Unknown remains can be compared, easily, quickly and at minimal cost. In fact, GEDmatch probably already holds the DNA of family members of the Unknowns.

This is a wonderful thing for GEDmatch to do!!

Genetic genealogy readers may know me from my work in genetic genealogy: my analytical tool articles in the Journal of Genetic Genealogy (JoGG), the many Family Tree DNA (FTDNA) projects I administer, the conferences I attend. One of the many other hats I wear is Historian of the US 7th Armored Division Association; another is Founding President of the American WWII Association Historians Consortium.

This is what led to me present “When John Doe is a WWII Unknown Soldier at the 2024 East Coast Genetic Genealogy Conference (ECGGC).

In our modern era, when law enforcement and the DNA Doe Project have embraced Investigative Genetic Genealogy (IGG) to solve cases in far shorter time and a far smaller cost, it is difficult to understand that the Defense POW-MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA), whose mission is “fullest possible accounting” relegates DNA to the last step of their years-long identification process of anthropologists examining remains, instead of the first step.

Continue reading

Come celebrate DNA day with me!

This Friday is DNA Day; a day we honor the discovery of the structure of DNA. To mark this occasion, most of the personal DNA testing companies are having sales. There are also special events all over this country at museums, schools, and web sites. GEDmatch has a sale on for its premium tools plus I am doing a presentation there at 2 pm Eastern time on Friday.

Click image for the page at GEDmatch about its DNA day. At the bottom of the page is a link to register for my talk.

My last talk at GEDmatch was an attempt to make it easier to use the site by explaining the main tools and how to use them. That talk is still available — just click here. Of course, by now, the home page has changed and new features have been added.

Friday’s talk is focused on how I myself use GEDmatch when trying to understand a new match. In other words, why I ask my matches at other sites to upload to GEDmatch! I will also discuss some mysteries that the tools at GEDmatch have helped me solve. Last, but not least, I will answer questions from the audience. Hope to “see” you all there.

UPDATE: The presentation will be posted on the GEDmatch YouTube channel soon. The slides are available online at https://slides.com/kittycooper/advanced-tools-at-gedmatch-using-segment-data-and-more

Nice New Features at GEDmatch

I love the new notes feature at GEDmatch; it helps me keep track of which matches I have figured out. Plus it even works for all the kits I have there. For example, if I make a note on a match to my own kit, that same note is available when I run my brother’s or my Dad’s one-to-many. Here is how it looks on my one-to-many listing:

One-to-Many with some added notes (gray boxes in middle) – click image for a larger version


Clicking on “Add” in the notes column lets you give it a title and then put in some text
. Only the title shows on the list so I use it for the surname of the line the match is related on. Warning, on my iPad the old text for title does not disappear when you type over it; however it is gone once the note is saved and retrieved again.

Another benefit for me, with the long list of kits I have uploaded on my dashboard, is that I can use the notes feature on that list to make the ones I want to use stand out. Personally, I have several DNA test results for myself and other family members which I have combined into one master kit (click here for that post). Now I can easily see which one I want to use as per the image below.

I am less delighted with the new tree presentation, although I am grateful that I can click “Classic View” to get the old text heavy version.
Continue reading

23andme: Don’t panic

Filing for bankruptcy does not change the day to day operations at a company nor put your data at more risk than before. Plus, as I have said previously, your DNA is not your social security number nor your bank account; it is more like a giant fingerprint that identifies you. Thus I do not recommend deleting your data at 23andme. Many journalists these days try to increase clicks by fear mongering.

My take on these latest developments is that by declaring bankruptcy and stepping down as CEO, Anne E. Wojcicki gives herself one more chance to buy the company she founded with two others and take it private. Her previous two proposals were turned down by each board of directors.

I have listed some more balanced news sources and blog posts at the end of this article.


A short history of 23andme seems in order. Founded by Wojcicki and two others in 2006 [source: wikipedia article], it was the first place to test your personal genome. Their focus was, and always has been, discovering the medical issues in your own DNA, inspired by the search for the cause of Parkinson’s which Anne’s mother-in-law was diagnosed with. Some discoveries have been made and are discussed here.

​However, the desire to understand one’s personal health risks was never as strong as the desire to uncover one’s roots, particularly for Americans. Plus the business model of selling DNA kits was never as successful as the model at genealogy-focused companies which include family trees and records once you have a paid subscription. Access to DNA health data for pharmaceutical companies was not lucrative enough to make up the difference.

The lack of financial success was compounded by a data breach that ensued from users who reuse passwords. This allowed bad actors to gain access and create lists of users with Jewish or Chinese ancestry. Although those are reputedly for sale on the dark web, I have not yet heard of any dire outcomes. The result is that all the DNA companies now use two-factor authentication.

​Not surprisingly, 23andme stock plummeted. User lawsuits resulted in a settlement. Anne E. Wojcicki, who owns a 49% share, made an offer to buy the company and take it private but the board turned her down and resigned. The next board also turned down the offer she made a few months later. By declaring bankruptcy and resigning as CEO, perhaps she can finally buy it.

Various news and blog sources:

By the way, the California Attorney General did NOT recommend that you delete your 23andme data, he just explained how and reminded us of the strong California privacy and data laws. Click here for what he actually sent.